Improvement in churns



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOEL (l. PIERCE, OF HOMER, NEXV YORK.

MPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,110, dated April 29,1862.

To aZZ whom 't may concer:

Be it known that I, HOEL C. PIERCE, of Ilomer, in the eounty of Cortlandand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvenents in Churns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accoinpanyingdrawing's, in whichi Figure l is a- Vertical longitudinal section, andFig. 9 an end elevation, of nyinproyed churn.

Similar letters of reference refer to like parts in both the figures. i

My invention relates to that kind of churns in which a rubbing-disk isused in coinbination with a reyolving series of dashers; and the natureof ny intention consists in the arrangenent ot' certain parts inconibination with the rulj)bing-disk and reyolving' dasher, Wherebyeither may be made to revolvc or both together at will 'froni the samedriving-wheel, and the said driVing-wheel niay be reaclily changed fronione condition or the other; also, in the coinbination, with the rubbingor 111X- ing disk oi' certain wings or fans for drawing in atnosphericair and causing it to iningle with the crean as it leaves the saidrubbingdisk; also, in the arrangen cnt, in coinbination with the saidwin or i 'ans and rubbing-disk, of adjustable openngs for the adnissionof air thereto in greater or lesser quantities, as may be desired, inorder to adapt the operation to yariations in the temperature of the airor of the crean.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use iny intention, lwill proeeed to deseribe its construction and operation by the aid ofthe drawings. y

A is the receptacle for the nilk or crean, of any desirable form,suitable for the reception of the churning niechanisn. Near the bottomof this receptaele I mount a shat't, B, having weclge-foruel beate-s I barra'ged spirally thereon. This shafi, receives its notion from thepinion on the exterior ot' A, anditis so hung that it n'aybe readilyremoved for cleaning` and replaced for use by simplydepressing thespring c. Above P and at the end of the reeeptacle A, I niount acorrugated wheel or disk, D, 'in a corresponding case or recess, E,which is also toothed or corrugated. This disk receives a rotaryinotionthrough the pinion F. Upon the disk D, I aftix wings or arms G G,arranged spirally relative to the axis of D, which arms extend over thecase E, and by their action while the disk is revolving draw in airthrough the holes H H in the side of A. This air is thus caused toningle freely with the crean as it escapes froni the disk I), andimproves the quality of the butter not only by its well-known directaction upon the cream, but also by reducin g the temperature thereof. Asuitable hole is provided in the cover for the escape of the surplnsair; but in cold weather it is desirable to introduce less air than inwarni, as it is not desirable to cool the crean below a certaintemperature, as is well known to dairynen, and to allow of the admissionof any dcsired amount of air to suit the Varying conditions of theweather and crean I provide a sliding plate, I, with holes correspondingto those in A, by which the holes H H may be partially or entirelyclosed at will.

Between the pinions G and F, I mount a sp Lir-wheel, K, upon aneecentric lever, L, which lever is so proportioned that wheel K nay becaused to nesh into both C and F, as shown by the red Outline, or intoeither alone, at will, as shown bythe dotted circles, by sinply novingthe handle of L up or down, as represented. To retain it in either ofthese positions, I provide a sp1'ing-catch,l\1, upon L, which entersnotches 7 in the casting N, on which L is hun When it is desired tochange the wheel K fron one position to the other, the hand is placedupon L and the catch M released froni N by one finger or by the .otherhand, when L is shifted to the desirecl position, which is indicated byM falling into the proper notch in N. Motion is connunicated to Kthrough a handle, k, or by any other convenient means.

The operation of my ehurn is as follows: The wheel K being set to gearwith the pinion F, the crean is poni-ed into the funnel P and the disk Drotated rapidly. In passing through between this disk and its case E thecrean is thoroughly ningled and broken up, so as to adnit of more rapidchurning, and is nxed with the air drawn in by the wings Gr G, theadnission of the proper amount of air being controlled by the slidingplate I. W'hen the rean has all passed through the disk, the wheel k isshifted so as to revolve only the dashers or beaters b b,whieh operatein the ordinary nanner.

I am aware that churs have heretofore been made with revolving disks anddashers combined, and so arranged that either or both could be used atpleasure; butI an not aware that the equivalent of my lev er L,springeatch M, and notched plate N have before been einployed in suehconbination. Neither am I aware that thewngs G and adjusting-plate Ihave before been used in conbination with such revolvng disk. i

I therefore claim as my invention 1. The arrangenent of the eeeentrielever I spring-catch M, and notched plate N, in combination with thewheel K, pinions C and F, j

disk D, and dasher-shaft B, substantiaily as and for the purpose hereindescribed.

2. The enploynent of the wings G, in conibination with the disk D andholes II II, substantially as and for the purpose set 'fort-h.

3. The employnent of the piate I or its equivalent, in conbination withthe disk D, wings G, and holes TI, for the purpose of controlling theadnission of air to the interier of the churn, substantiaiiy as hereinset forth.

-In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HOEL C. PIERCE.

itnesses J. M. PIERCE, GEORGE Ross.

